Heater for permanent waving



Oct. 25, 1932. J SGUERSQ 1,884,890

HEATER FOR PERMANENT WAVING Filed Sept 12. 1931 INVENTOR BY 51.;ATTORNEY Patented a. 25, 1932 PATENT OFFICE JOHN SGUEBSO, OI BROOKLYN,NEW YORK HEATER FOB PERMANENT WAVING Application ma September. 12, 1931.Serial in. 562,480.

This invention relates to hair waving devices, and more particularlyrefers to improvements in electric heaters of the type used in the artof permanent waving. In accordance with permanent waving practice,strands of hair are usually wound upon a metal curler so as to form acontinuous helical coil extending longitudinally of the curler. The hairis generally thorough- 1y moistened with an alkaline lotion before orafter'winding, or'both. A tubular electric heater is then insertedendwise over each strand of hair thus wound upon the curler and thecurrent is then turned on, each heater being connected to a source ofelectric supply.

In another application for patent, entitled Methods of permanent waving,co-pending herewith, Serial No. 355,398, I have de- I scribed a noveland improved method of permanently waving hair, whereby a Marcel effeetis obtained directly from the waver without requiring any subsequentfinger waving.

This result is obtained by winding the bear upon the waver by forming anumber of twisted convolutions having a horizontal 8-shape, and bakingthe hair while. so wound. For this type of winding to be effected, it isnecessary to tie the-hair strand at the root end onto the waver and towind each twisted convolution partly at one side and partly at the otherof the point of attachment, reversing the direction at each convolution.

Such a method of winding results in the formation of a barrel-shapedmass of superimposed windings, in connection with which a tubular heaterof the ordinary type could not possibly be used.

The barrel-shape of the mass of windings is further emphasized when ahair waver, having a barrel-shaped central portion, such as describedand claimed in another application entitled Hair waver, filed by mesimultaneously herewith, is used.

For the baking operation to be effective it is essential'that the heaterbe as close as ossible to. the hair windings, in order to heat the sameas uniformly as possible and also in order to insure the heating of theinner coils as well as the outer windings.

It is, therefore, desirable to insure an intimate contact between theinner surface of the heater and the hair windings, in order toconcentrate the heat where it is mostly needed.

The primary ob'ect of my invention is, therefore, to provi e an electricheater of a novel and improved type, particularly adapted to be used inconnection with'hair wound upon a curler or waver, in a manner causingit to form a bulging mass bulging at the center.

Another object is to provide a novel and improved type of electricheater adapted for use in permanent hair wavin operations, said heaterbeing easily inserte over or removable from a lock of hair wound upon acurler or waver.

' A further object is to provide a novel and improved type of electricheater adapted to be inserted over a lock of hair wound upon a curler orwaver in such cases where the hair lock being fastened at its base ontothe curler or waver, and being wound to form, twisted convolutions ateach side of its point of attachment, a tubular type of heaterinsertable end-wise of the curler or waver would not do.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will more fullyappear as the description proceeds and will be set forth and claimed inthe appended claims.

My invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawing, m which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly sectloned of a heater embodying myinvention;

Fig. 2 is a side view in elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section thereof;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a hair waver which may be used inconnection with my improved heater;

Fig. 5 is a side vlew of said waver illustrating the manner of winding alock of hair thereon; I y Fig. 6 is a plan view of another heater,embodying my invention in a different form; Fig. 7 is a cross section ofthe same through line 7,-7 of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 8 is a side view in elevation partly proximating the outline of themass of hair.

This condition is best satisfied if the heater .is insertable sidewiseof the mass of hair instead of end-wise, because then it becomespossible to make a heater in the form of two half shells, togetherforming a hollow 'shell having its ends of a smaller diameter than itscentral portion.

An illustration of the inventive idea underlying my invention is givenin Figs. 1, 2, 3, in which 10 designates a lock of hair wound upon awaver 11, in a number of superimposed twisted, convolutions, having ahorizontal 8-shap'e, by fastening the base of the lock of hair at ornear the center of the waver around the waver alternately from one sideof the point of attachment of the lock of hair to the other, reversingthe direction at each convolution, as described and claimed in mycopending application entitled Methods of permanent waving abovereferred to.

The hair is generally thoroughly moistened with a suitable alkalinelotion before or after winding, or both. After the hair has been wound,tightened and moistened it is covered with a piece of flannel or othersuitable material, as shown at 12, said flannel having first beenimpregnated with'the lotion.

A protective pad, such as shown at 23, is also preferably applied ontothe head directly opposite the hair waver, and the hair is then ready tobe baked by a more or less prolonged application of a heating elementthereto.

In the drawing Figs. 1 to 3, the electric heater is shown in the form ofa clamping device, comprising two jaws 13, 14, pivotally connected toeach other at 15, each clamping member having a finger rest extendingrearwardly of the pivotal point of attachment. as shown at 16, 17. Aspring 18 is inserted between the two finger'rests and normally holdsthem apart so as to close the jaws against each other, as Fig. 2 clearlyshows.

By pressing finger rests 16, 17, towards each other, the two jaws willbe caused to open so that the device becomes insertable side-wise overthe mass of hair formed by convolutions 10. By then releasing thepressure exerted against finger rests 16, 17 the jaws will close oversaid mass of hair, encasing the same.

The two jaws are in the form of hollow half shells, bulging at thecenter, together forming a hollow barrel-shaped shell closelyv followingthe outline of the mass of hair wound upon the waver. In order to betterretain the heat within said shell or enclosure, the outer ends of saidjaws are directed inwardly to form end walls 19, 19', 20, 20, said endwalls embracing the adjoining ends-of the mass of hair.

Each jaw is internally provided with an for a sufficiently long periodof time, the

heaters are removed and the locks of hair can then be unwound from theirrespective wavers, a -.;permanent Marcel-wave having been impartedthereto by the treatment de- .scribed. and by running said lock of hairacross and In Figs. 4 and 5, I illustrate a type of waver that I preferto use in connection with the heater forming the subject of thisinvention, said waver having been described and claimed by me in myother application for hair waver above referred to.

Said waver comprises two coaxial members 24, 25, each having a bulginginner end 26, 27, said bulging ends-together forming a barrelshapedcentral portion of the waver, as the drawing clearly shows.

The inner end27 of member 25 is formed with a coaxially extending recess28, within which is inserted a corresponding projection 29, outwardlyextending in an axial direction from the inner end 26 of member 24.

Member 25 is provided with an axial passage extending from the bottom ofrecess 28, to the outer end of said member, said pas-' sage receivingthe stem portion 30 of an adjusting screw 31, inserted through athreaded axial opening 32, provided at the inner end of member 24.

Upon stem 30 is fixed a set collar 33, resting against the bottom ofrecess 28, and at the outer end of said stem is fixed a knob 34, bymeans of which the stem can be rotated. It is thus seen'that by virtueof this construction when knob 34 is rotated in one direction the twomembers will move away from each other in an axial direction, while whenthe knob is rotated in the opposite direction the two members 24, 25will move towards each other, contracting the structure. In this manner,it becomes possible by extending the construction to impart anadditional tension to the hair windings, the barrel-shape of the waverpreventing slipping of the hair windings with respect to the surfacethereof.

The hair waver is preferably also formed with means for increasing thetension of the windings formed by the extreme end of the 1 0 upon one ofthe ends of the waver, in order to cause the Marcel-waved lock of hairto terminate in a spiral curl.

To this end, member 24 has its outer end turned down to form a stemportion 35, having a threaded outer end 36. An axially perforated member37 is rotatably mounted u on stem in continuation of the outline 0 saidmember 24, and a check nut 38 is screwed upon threaded end 36 of stem35,,

said check nut being adapted to bear against the end surface ofmember.37 so as to fric- 'tionally restrain the same against rotation.

It becomes then possible to produce a combined Marcel-wave-curl in whichthe body of the lock of hair is Marcel-waved and the tip end is formedso as to form a spiral curl. Said tip end is coiled upon and tied ontothe rotatable member 37 The hair should be tightly wound to start with,and in order to impart to it an additional tension, the knob 34 isrotated so as to axially extend the waver, without twisting thewindings, as will be understood. Furthermore, in order to set undertension the coiled outer end of the lock of hair, rotatable member 37 isrotated in the winding direction, and when a sufiicient tension has beenimparted to the hair check nut 38 is turned so as to force it againstthe outer end of 37, locking the same in position.

In Fig. 5, I illustrate the manner of Winding a lock of hair about thewaver, so as to produce a Marcel-wave effect only, without the end curl.

A heater embodying my invention can be made in ways different than thosepreviously shown and described. For instance, instead of making the samein the form of a spring clamp structure, the same may be made to consistof two barrel-shaped half shells 40., 41, hinged to each other along alongitudinal line, as shown at 42. The structure thusformed can beopened by hand and can be inserted and closed over the lock of hairwound upon a waver, causing the two outer edges of said shells to meet.

Said two outer edges are preferably curled, as shown at 43, and causedto form tubular lugs 43 in one of the half shells and tubular lug 44 inthe other, the tubular lugs of one half shell being longitudinallyspaced of and meeting end to end with. tubular lugs of the other,forming therewith coaxial passages through which may be removablyinserted locking pins 45, 46. The closed structure thus formed remainsprovided with a side opening 47 encircling the base of the lock of hairand with two end openings such as 48, permitting the passage of the endportions of the waver therethrough, as explained in connection with Fig.3.

The constructional details sf my device may vary from those shownwithout departing from the inventive idea; the drawing,

therefore, will be understood as being intended for illustrativepurposes only and not in a limiting sense.

I accordingly reserve the right to carry my invention into practice in athose-ways and manners which may enter, fairly, into the scope of theappended claims.

I claim:

1. Anelectric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halvesconnect-- ible to each other to form a barrel-shaped hollow structurehaving a diameter decreasing from its middle portion toward its ends,

adapted to embrace a hair look wound upon a hair waver, said halvesbeing movable with respect to each other to expand .said' structure,when the same is inserted in or removed from, its operative position.

2. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halvespivotally connected to each other to form a barrelshaped hollowstructure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portion towardits ends, adapted to embrace a hair look wound upon a waver, said halvesbeing movable with respect to each other to expand said structure, whenthe same is inserted in or removed from, its operative position.

3. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halvespivotally connected to-each other along a longitudinal line, to form abarrel-shaped hollow structure having a diameter decreasing from its:

middle portion toward its ends, adapted to embrace a hair lock woundupon a waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other toexpand said structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, itsoperativeposition.

4. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halvesconnectible to each other to form a barrel-shaped hollow structurehaving a diameter decreasing from its middle portion towards its ends,

1 middle portion towards its ends, adapted to embrace a hair lock woundupon a waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other toexpand said structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, its

operative position, and means for retaining said structure in itscontracted position.

6. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulgingclamping members pivotally connected to each other to form a hollowbarrel-shaped structure having a diameter decreasing from its middleportion towards its ends, adapted to embrace a lock of hair wound u n ahair waver, said clamping members being each formed with a finger restextending outwardly of the pivotal connection therebetween, and a springinterposed between said two finger rests,

tendin to maintain said tracte position.

7. An electric heaterfor permanent waving comprising two halves hingedto each structure 1n its conother along a longitudinal line to form ahollow structure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portiontowards its'ends, adapted to embrace a lock of hairwound upon a hairwaver, said halves being movable with respect to each other to expandsaid structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, its oierative position, and means for lockin said alves in the contractedposition of sai structure.

8. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulgin halveshinged to each other along a longitu inal line to form a hollowbarrel-shaped structure having a diameter decreasing from its middleportion I towards its ends, adapted to embrace a, lock of hair woundupon a hair waver, said halves being movable with respect to each otherto expand said'structure, when the same is insorted 1n, or removed from,1ts o erative position, and a bolt member for 100 g the freelongitudinal edges of said halves to each other, so as to retain saidstructure in its contracted position.

In testimony whereof I aflix my si ature.

JOHN SG SO-

